Progress in multi-antenna digital beamforming synthesis technology for low-orbit satellites targeting 6G signifies a major breakthrough in satellite communication technology routes.

Recently, Penglai Experimental Laboratory, in conjunction with the Satellite Communication Research Team of Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), made a breakthrough in the key field experiment of digital beamforming synthesis technology for low-Earth-orbit satellites. After dozens of repeated tests, the team verified the feasibility of the digital beamforming synthesis technology for high-dynamic low-orbit satellite-to-ground communication scenarios. Their self-developed digital beamforming baseband system can increase the sending signal-to-noise ratio by up to 5.5 dB and the receiving signal-to-noise ratio by up to 2.6 dB. This research achievement is an important milestone in the application of cooperative communication theory in the field of satellite communication in China, providing key technical support for the extension of China's intelligent network to the space-based system and realizing the integration of 6G space-to-ground ubiquitous high-speed connection. In addition, the joint research team proposed a satellite tracking algorithm that integrates satellite ephemeris and high-precision angle estimation algorithms to address the characteristics of high-speed movement of low-Earth-orbit satellites. By using the satellite motion equations and real-time angle measurement information, they achieved high-precision tracking of low-Earth-orbit satellites with an accuracy better than 0.1 degrees. The successful application of multi-antenna digital beamforming synthesis technology represents a new system design concept for the development of large-scale low-orbit satellite communication, marking an important breakthrough in the technical roadmap of satellite communication systems. It can provide key technical support for future large-scale satellite networking and high-reliability satellite communication, as well as stable and reliable network connections for the construction, operation, and services of China's intelligent network.